Microsoft is frustratingly vague about support for basic MFA in all Office 365 offerings. They have these lists of feature support across different packages, which go into great detail and yet don't include basic MFA. Maybe this post will get up in the rankings so others don't have to spin their wheels looking for an answer.
My results for licenses that have basic MFA include:
- F1
- Business Premium
- E1
- E3
- E5
I have not tested Business Essentials or Exchange Online licenses yet. However, I do have an old Exchange Online Kiosk account and it appears to allow enabling it.
In fact, when I try to enable MFA there does not appear to be a restriction based on license type. Let me know your results!